What type of meat is traditionally used to make shepherd's pie?

Shepherd's pie is traditionally made with ground lamb, which is a key characteristic of this classic dish, particularly in its origins in the British Isles. The term "shepherd" refers specifically to the use of lamb in the recipe, as it implies that the dish was created for shepherds who tended sheep. While variations of shepherd's pie may include ground beef, often referred to as cottage pie, the traditional choice aligns closely with the use of ground lamb.

This meat selection contributes not only to the dish’s distinct flavor profile but also reflects its historical roots. Ground lamb brings a rich, savory taste that pairs well with the creamy mashed potatoes typically served on top. The use of lamb is integral to the identity of shepherd's pie, distinguishing it from other meat-and-potato casseroles that might use different meat types, such as chicken or turkey.